2017, May 21 ~ Acts 17:22-31 & 1 Peter 3:13-22

Acts 17:22-31

The book, “The Acts of the Apostles,” was written by the author of the Gospel According to Luke around 85 to 90 CE. The second half of Acts (Chapters 16 to 28) recounts Paul’s Missionary Journeys.

Just before today’s reading, Paul was at a synagogue where he would have focused his conversion efforts on Gentiles who were sympathetic to Jewish Law (called “God Fearers”). (The Jesus Follower Movement was part of Judaism until the Destruction of the Temple in 70 CE and for some years thereafter.)

In today’s reading, Paul is presented as making an address to the Athenians at the Aeropagus (a hill west of the Acropolis and a place associated with Socrates). Modern persons would likely call Paul’s audience “pagans,” but in the First Century, most persons worshiped many gods and even regarded Jews as non-theists because they worshiped only one god.

The Athenians and the Romans had local gods, gods for activities such as farming and war, and gods for their homes. “Care” of the gods was performed through cult practices (including prayer and sacrifices) and was considered very important to the good functioning of society. (“Cult” is derived from a Latin word meaning “care” as in the word “agriculture” – care of the fields.)

Although an inscription to an unknown god has never been found in Athens, the author of Acts has Paul present the argument to the Athenians that their statue to the “unknown god” shows how religious they are (likely an ironic statement). He presents a God unknown to them who creates and gives life to all, allocates the boundaries of nations, commands all persons to repent, will have an appointed man judge the world in righteousness, and gives assurance of all this by raising the man from the dead.

1 Peter 3:13-22

In the First Century, it was not uncommon to write something in another person’s name so that the writing would have extra “authority” – particularly when the writer believed he knew what the “authority” (in this case, Peter) would have said. The First Letter of Peter was likely written in the last quarter of the First Century, long after Peter’s death.

In today’s reading, the author urges his audience to be willing to suffer for doing what is right, just as Jesus suffered for doing good. He summarizes the Christian Faith as hope (v.15) and notes that Jesus The Christ was “put to death in the flesh but made alive in the spirit” (v.18).

He presents the Flood in Noah’s time as prefiguring Baptism which is “an appeal to God through the resurrection of Jesus Christ.” (v.21)